NGinx - URL-Forwarding from a Subfolder to a new Domain

How a url forwarding works with the Apache server, I have described in this article .
However, I have now switched to Nginx, a small, sleek, and very high-performance alternative to the flagship Apache - so it better suited for a Raspberry, a Beaglebone or a Cubieboard. But NGinX has no .htaccess-files. Forwardings are there - like everything else - set in the server configuration.

So I wanted a URL forwarding from a sub-directory in which the page was before, to the new domain without transmitting the name of the subfolder. After trying some "solutions" found in the Net, I finally got this solution working for me.
To achieve that, open the file

/etc/nginx/sites-available/default 

or the appropriate file for the virtual host or server block, as it is called in nginx.

In the simplest case it will look like this:

  server {
    server_name www.myDomain.com;
 
    root /var/www/htdocs;
  }

This server block you needs to be expanded with the following lines:

  server {
    server_name www.myDomain.com;
 
    root /var/www/htdocs;

        location /subfolder/ {
                rewrite ^/subfolder(/.*) http://www.neueDomain.de/$1 permanent; 
        } 
  }

These lines will rewrite all requests to the old address www.myDomain.de/subfolder/* to the new address http://www.neueDomain.de/*.
The switch 'permanent' is for the search engines and it says that the page has permanently moved.
The search engines consider this and adapt their search results accordingly.